Alexandria is the second largest city in Egypt after Cairo. It is extending about 32 km along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country.
Alexandria was founded around a small Ancient Egyptian town in 331 BC by Alexander the Great. It became an important centre of the Hellenistic civilization and remained the capital of Hellenistic and Roman & Byzantine Egypt for almost one thousand years until the Muslim conquest of Egypt in AD 641, when a new capital was founded. Alexandria is best known for the Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos), Great Library and the Diocletian Column.
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